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North Dakota was named after the indigenous Lakota and Dakota Sioux, who dominated the territory and remain a large community today. It also hosts the geographic center of North America, which brings in tourists from afar. Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Saskatchewan to the north, Minnesota to the east, and Montana to the west. North Dakota was admitted to the Union on November 2, with is bordered state to the south South Dakota as the 39th and 40th states in the United States of America.
North Dakota state is primarily rural with few cities. The capital city of North Dakota State's is Bismark. The U. S acquired North Dakota in the early 19th century. This state has an abundance of natural resources such as oil, coal, minerals and water but what brought the early European explorers in the 18th century was the lucrative fur trade.
Find directions to North Dakota , browse local businesses, landmarks, get current traffic estimates, road conditions, and more. North Dakota. Claim this business. North Dakota Map North Dakota was named after the indigenous Lakota and Dakota Sioux, who dominated the territory and remain a large community today.
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North Dakota harvests more than 90 percent of the nation's canola and flaxseed. It is also the country's top producer of barley and sunflower seeds and a leader in the production of beans, honey, lentils, oats, peas, and sugar beets. Few white settlers came to the North Dakota region before the s because railroads had not yet entered the area.
Large-scale farming also began during the s. Eastern corporations and some families established huge wheat farms covering large areas of land in the Red River Valley. The farms made such enormous profits they were called bonanza farms. White settlers, attracted by the success of the bonanza farms, flocked to North Dakota, rapidly increasing the territory's population. In , North Dakota had 2, people. By , the population had grown to , North Dakota was named for the Sioux people who once lived in the territory.
The Sioux called themselves Dakota or Lakota, meaning allies or friends. This nickname honors the International Peace Garden , which lies on the state's border with Manitoba, Canada. North Dakota is also called the Flickertail State because of the many flickertail ground squirrels Richardson's ground squirrel that live in the central part of the state. North Dakota is in the U.
The state shares the Red River of the North with Minnesota to the east. South Dakota is to the south, Montana is to the west, and the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the north. With an area of 70, square miles , km 2 , [35] 69, square miles , km 2 of which is land, [36] North Dakota is the 19th largest state.
The western half of the state consists of the hilly Great Plains as well as the northern part of the Badlands , which are to the west of the Missouri River. The region is abundant in fossil fuels including natural gas , crude oil and lignite coal. The central region of the state is divided into the Drift Prairie and the Missouri Plateau.
The eastern part of the state consists of the flat Red River Valley , the bottom of glacial Lake Agassiz. Its fertile soil, drained by the meandering Red River flowing northward into Lake Winnipeg , supports a large agriculture industry. Most of the state is covered in grassland ; crops cover most of eastern North Dakota but become increasingly sparse in the center and farther west.
Natural trees in North Dakota are found usually where there is good drainage, such as the ravines and valley near the Pembina Gorge and Killdeer Mountains, the Turtle Mountains, the hills around Devils Lake, in the dunes area of McHenry County in central North Dakota, and along the Sheyenne Valley slopes and the Sheyenne delta.
This diverse terrain supports nearly 2, species of plants. North Dakota has a continental climate with warm summers and cold winters. The temperature differences are significant because of its far inland position and being roughly equal distance from the North Pole and the Equator.
At the estimate North Dakota's population was , on July 1, , a 0. North Dakota is the fourth least-populous state in the country; only Alaska , Vermont , and Wyoming have fewer residents.
From fewer than 2, people in , North Dakota's population grew to near , by Growth then slowed, and the population has fluctuated slightly over the past seven decades, hitting a low of , in the census, with , in the census.
Note: Births in table don't add up, because Hispanics are counted both by their ethnicity and by their race, giving a higher overall number. Since , data for births of White Hispanic origin are not collected, but included in one Hispanic group; persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. Throughout the midth century, Dakota Territory was still dominated by Native Americans; warfare and disease reduced their population at the same time Europeans and Americans were settling in the area.
Throughout the latter half of the nineteenth century and into the early twentieth century, North Dakota, along with most of the Midwest U. North Dakota was a known popular destination for immigrant farmers and general laborers and their families, mostly from Norway , Iceland , Sweden , Germany and the United Kingdom.
Much of this settlement gravitated throughout the western side of the Red River Valley , as was similarly seen in South Dakota and in a parallel manner in Minnesota. This area is well known for its fertile lands. But a period of higher rainfall ended, and many migrants weren't successful in the arid conditions.
Many family plots were too small to farm successfully. From the s until the end of the 20th century, North Dakota's population gradually declined, interrupted by a couple of brief increases. Young adults with university degrees were particularly likely to leave the state. With the advancing process of mechanization of agricultural practices, and environmental conditions requiring larger landholdings for successful agriculture, subsistence farming proved to be too risky for families.
Many people moved to urban areas for jobs. Since the late 20th century, one of the major causes of migration from North Dakota is the lack of skilled jobs for college graduates.
Expansion of economic development programs has been urged to create skilled and high-tech jobs, but the effectiveness of such programs has been open to debate.
According to the U. North Dakota is one of the top resettlement locations for refugees proportionally. Office of Refugee Resettlement, in — "more than 68 refugees" per , North Dakotans were settled in the state. Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 3, people, and migration within the country produced a net loss of 21, people. Island areas, or born abroad to American parent s , and 2. In , 4. In , Other languages spoken included Serbo-Croatian 0.
The largest church bodies by number of adherents in were the Roman Catholic Church with ,; the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America with ,; and the Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod with 22, There were an estimated Muslims and Jews in the state in Agriculture is North Dakota's largest industry, although petroleum, food processing , and technology are also major industries.
According to Gallup data, North Dakota led the U. The state has a Job Creation Index score of 40, nearly 10 points ahead of its nearest competitors. North Dakota's personal income growth is tied to various private business sectors such as agriculture, energy development, and construction.
As of , Fargo is home to the second-largest campus of Microsoft with 1, employees, and Amazon. As of December [update] , the state's unemployment rate is among the lowest in the nation at 2.
Since , the highest that North Dakota's unemployment rate has reached is just 6. Every U. North Dakota's earliest industries were fur trading and agriculture. With industrial-scale farming, it ranks 9th in the nation in the value of crops and 18th in total value of agricultural products sold.
Large farms generate the most crops. The share of people in the state employed in agriculture is comparatively high: as of [update] , only two to three percent of the population of the United States is directly employed in agriculture. Between and , total cropland increased by about a million acres 4, km 2 ; North Dakota was the only state showing an increase. Over the same period, 1,, acres 7, km 2 were shifted into soybean and corn monoculture production, the largest such shift in the United States.
In addition, this development has adversely affected habitats of wildlife and birds, and the balance of the ecosystem. The state is the largest producer in the U. Corn yields are high in the southeast part of the state and smaller in other parts of the state.
Most of the cereal grains are grown for livestock feed. Canola is suited to the cold winters and it matures fast. Processing of canola for oil production produces canola meal as a by-product. The by-product is a high-protein animal feed. Soybeans are also an increasingly important crop, with , acres 1, km 2 additional planted between and Soybeans were not grown at all in North Dakota in the s, but the crop has become especially common since Soybeans are grown for livestock feed.
North Dakota is the second leading producer of sugarbeets , which are grown mostly in the Red River Valley. The state is also the largest producer of honey, dry edible peas and beans, lentils , and the third-largest producer of potatoes. The energy industry is a major contributor to the economy. North Dakota has both coal and oil reserves. On average, the state's production of oil production grew at average annual rate of During these years, oil production increased each year from to , with marked by a slight decline and a return to growth since.
There are larger and higher grade coal reserves anthracite , bituminous coal and subbituminous coal in other U. Oil was discovered near Tioga in , generating 53 million barrels 8,, m 3 of oil a year by The oil reserves of the Bakken Formation may hold up to billion barrels 6.
The northwestern part of the state is the center of the North Dakota oil boom. The Williston , Tioga , Stanley and Minot - Burlington communities are having rapid growth that strains housing and local services.
As of [update] , the state is the 2nd-largest oil producer in the U. The Great Plains region, which includes the state of North Dakota, has been referred to as "the Saudi Arabia of wind energy". North Dakota is considered the least visited state, owing, in part, to its not having a major tourist attraction.
Outdoor attractions like the mile km Maah Daah Hey Trail and activities like fishing and hunting attract visitors. The park often exceeds , visitors each year. The state also receives a significant number of visitors from the neighboring Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Saskatchewan, particularly when the exchange rate is favorable.
North Dakota has six level-II trauma centers , 44 hospitals , 52 rural health clinics , and 80 nursing homes. Alexius , Trinity , and Altru. North Dakota law requires pharmacies, other than hospital dispensaries and pre-existing stores, to be majority-owned by pharmacists. Voters rejected a proposal to change the law in In the 21st century, North Dakota has an increasing population of Native Americans, who in made up 5. By the early 19th century the territory was dominated by Siouan-speaking peoples, whose territory stretched west from the Great Lakes area.
Throughout Native American history, powwows were held, usually in the spring, to rejoice at the beginning of new life and the end of the winter cold. These events brought Native American tribes together for singing and dancing and allowed them to meet with old friends and acquaintances, as well as to make new ones.
Many powwows also held religious significance for some tribes. Today, powwows are still a part of the Native American culture and are attended by Natives and non-Natives alike. A pow wow is an occasion for parades and Native American dancers in regalia, with many dancing styles presented. It is traditional for male dancers to wear regalia decorated with beads, quills, and eagle feathers; male grass dancers wear colorful fringe regalia, and male fancy dancers wear brightly colored feathers.
Female dancers dance much more subtly than male dancers. Fancy female dancers wear cloth, beaded moccasins, and jewelry, while the jingle dress dancer wears a dress made of metal cones. Inter-tribal dances during the powwow, allow everyone even spectators to take part in the dancing. Around many European immigrants from Norway settled in North Dakota's northeastern corner, especially near the Red River. Icelanders also arrived from Canada. They started Lutheran churches and schools, greatly outnumbering other denominations in the area.
This group has unique foods such as lefse and lutefisk. The Icelandic State Park in Pembina County and an annual Icelandic festival reflect immigrants from that country, who are also descended from Scandinavians. Old World folk customs have persisted for decades in North Dakota, with the revival of techniques in weaving, silver crafting, and wood carving.
Traditional turf-roof houses are displayed in parks; this style originated in Iceland. A stave church is a landmark in Minot. Norwegian-Americans constitute nearly one-third or Ethnic Germans who had settled in Russia for several generations since the reign of Catherine the Great grew dissatisfied in the nineteenth century because of economic problems and because of the revocation of religious freedoms for Mennonites and Hutterites , in particular the revocation of exemption from military service in Most Mennonites and Hutterites migrated to America in the late s.
By , about , had immigrated to the U. The south-central part of North Dakota became known as "the German-Russian triangle". These individuals were Lutherans, Mennonites, Hutterites and Roman Catholics who had kept most of their German customs of the time when their ancestors immigrated to Russia.
They were committed to agriculture. Traditional iron cemetery grave markers are a famous art form practiced by ethnic Germans. North Dakotan musicians of many genres include blues guitarist Jonny Lang , country music singer Lynn Anderson , jazz and traditional pop singer and songwriter Peggy Lee , big band leader Lawrence Welk , and pop singer Bobby Vee.
Shadoe Stevens hosted American Top 40 from to Outdoor activities such as hunting and fishing are hobbies for many North Dakotans. Ice fishing , skiing , and snowmobiling are also popular during the winter months. Residents of North Dakota may own or visit a cabin along a lake. Popular sport fish include walleye , perch , and northern pike.
The state has 10 daily newspapers, the largest being The Forum of Fargo-Moorhead. Other weekly and monthly publications most of which are fully supported by advertising are also available. The most prominent of these is the alternative weekly High Plains Reader. Several new stations were built in Williston in the early s.
Public access television stations open to community programming are offered on cable systems in Bismarck , Dickinson , Fargo , and Jamestown. The state has 11 public colleges and universities, five tribal community colleges , and four private schools. North Dakota University System public institutions :.
There were schools in North Dakota cities and 4, one room schools in the state in The urban schools had 36, students, and 83, students attended the one room schools. In North Dakotan cities had schools while 2, one room schools were in the state. At that time the urban schools had 94, students while the one room schools had 25, students. In addition, "it administers federal disaster recovery programs and the Homeland Security Grant Program".
The major Interstate highways are Interstate 29 and Interstate 94 , with I and I meeting at Fargo , with I oriented north to south along the eastern edge of the state, and I bisecting the state from east to west between Minnesota and Montana.
A unique feature of the North Dakota Interstate Highway system is virtually all of it is paved in concrete, not blacktop, because of the extreme weather conditions it must endure. Amtrak 's Empire Builder runs through North Dakota, making stops at Fargo am westbound, am eastbound , Grand Forks am westbound, am eastbound , Minot around 9 am westbound and around pm eastbound , and four other stations.
Hill and ran from St. Paul to Seattle. Intercity bus service is provided by Greyhound and Jefferson Lines. Public transit in North Dakota includes daily fixed-route bus systems in Fargo, Bismarck-Mandan, Grand Forks, and Minot, paratransit service in 57 communities, along with multi-county rural transit systems.
As with the federal government of the United States, political power in North Dakota state government is divided into three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial. In a study, North Dakota was ranked as the 8th easiest state for citizens to vote in. The executive branch is headed by the elected governor.
The current governor is Doug Burgum , a Republican who took office December 15, , after his predecessor, Jack Dalrymple did not seek reelection. The offices of governor and lieutenant governor have four-year terms, which are next up for election in The governor has a cabinet consisting of appointed leaders of various state government agencies, called commissioners.
The other elected constitutional offices are secretary of state , attorney general , state auditor , and state treasurer. The state has 47 districts, each with one senator and two representatives. Both senators and representatives are elected to four-year terms. The state's legal code is named the North Dakota Century Code. North Dakota's court system has four levels, one of which is dormant. Municipal courts serve the cities.
Decisions from municipal courts are generally appealable to district court. Most cases start in the district courts , which are courts of general jurisdiction. There are 42 district court judges in seven judicial districts. An intermediate court of appeals was provided for by statute in , but the North Dakota Court of Appeals has only heard 65 cases since its inception.
The North Dakota Court of Appeals is essentially dormant, but capable of meeting if the North Dakota Supreme Court's case load necessitates the reestablishment of intermediate review.
Today, five federally recognized tribes within the boundaries of North Dakota have independent, sovereign relationships with the federal government and territorial reservations:. The state has one at-large congressional district represented by Representative Kelly Armstrong R. Louis, Missouri. MIT 's Election Performance Index ranked North Dakota 1 in overall election administration policy and performance in the , , , , and elections.
As of [update] , the Constitution Party and the Libertarian Party are also organized parties in the state. At the state level, the governorship has been held by the Republican Party since , along with a majority of the state legislature and statewide officers. Dem-NPL showings were strong in the governor's race, and in the legislative elections, but the League has not had a major breakthrough since the administration of former state governor George Sinner.
Of all the Democratic presidential candidates since , only Grover Cleveland , one of three votes , Woodrow Wilson and , Franklin D. Roosevelt and , and Lyndon B. Johnson received Electoral College votes from North Dakota. On the other hand, Dem-NPL candidates for North Dakota's federal Senate and House seats won every election between and , and the state's federal delegation was entirely Democratic from to However, both of the current U.
North Dakota has a slightly progressive income tax structure; the five brackets of state income tax rates are 1.
The state imposes a use tax on items purchased elsewhere but used within North Dakota. Owners of real property in North Dakota pay property tax to their county, municipality, school district, and special taxing districts.
The Tax Foundation ranks North Dakota as the state with the 20th most "business friendly" tax climate in the nation. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This article is about the U. For other uses, see North Dakota disambiguation. State in the United States. White Butte [1] [2]. Red River of the North at Manitoba border [1] [2]. Flag of North Dakota. Main article: History of North Dakota.
This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Main article: Geography of North Dakota. See also: List of North Dakota counties. Main article: Climate of North Dakota.
Religion in North Dakota [78] religion percent Protestant. See also: List of power stations in North Dakota. See also: List of hospitals in North Dakota. October Learn how and when to remove this template message. See also: Germans from Russia. See also: Music of North Dakota. Main article: Cuisine of North Dakota. Main article: List of colleges and universities in North Dakota.
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